Vulnerability Scan Result

Target:

http://pl.unpluggedforsight.org/

Scanned target: http://pl.unpluggedforsight.org/

Submitted: January 21, 2025 from ZM

Public scan

Scan mode: Passive (non-intrusive)

finished

Summary

high

Info

Low

Medium

High

Critical

Screenshot

Title:	Web Server's Default Page
Description:	No description found

IP Information

IP address	94.154.35.51
Country	UA
AS number	AS43260
Net name	DGN Teknoloji A.S

Open Ports

21/tcp	ftp	ProFTPD
22/tcp	ssh	OpenSSH 8.0
25/tcp	smtp	Postfix smtpd
53/tcp	domain
80/tcp	http	nginx
110/tcp	pop3	Dovecot pop3d
143/tcp	imap	Dovecot imapd
443/tcp	https	nginx
465/tcp	smtp	Postfix smtpd
993/tcp	imap	Dovecot imapd
995/tcp	pop3	Dovecot pop3d
8443/tcp	https-alt	sw-cp-server

Web Technologies

Software / Version	Category
core-js 3.38.1	JavaScript libraries
React	JavaScript frameworks
React Router 6	JavaScript frameworks
RequireJS 2.3.7	JavaScript frameworks
Sentry	Issue trackers
PWA	Miscellaneous
Plesk	Hosting panels
Prototype 1.7.3	JavaScript frameworks

Web Application Vulnerabilities

Evidence

URL	Response URL	Evidence
http://pl.unpluggedforsight.org/	http://pl.unpluggedforsight.org/	Communication is made over unsecure, unencrypted HTTP.

Vulnerability description

We noticed that the communication between the web browser and the server is done using the HTTP protocol, which transmits data unencrypted over the network.

Recommendation

We recommend you to reconfigure the web server to use HTTPS - which encrypts the communication between the web browser and the server.

Classification

CWE	CWE-311
OWASP Top 10 - 2017	A3 - Sensitive Data Exposure
OWASP Top 10 - 2021	A4 - Insecure Design

Evidence

Risk Level	CVSS	CVE	Summary	Affected software
	5	CVE-2020-27511	An issue was discovered in the stripTags and unescapeHTML components in Prototype 1.7.3 where an attacker can cause a Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDOS) through stripping crafted HTML tags.	prototype 1.7.3

Vulnerability description

We noticed known vulnerabilities in the target application based on the server responses. They are usually related to outdated systems and expose the affected applications to the risk of unauthorized access to confidential data and possibly denial of service attacks. Depending on the system distribution the affected software can be patched but displays the same version, requiring manual checking.

Recommendation

In order to eliminate the risk of these vulnerabilities, we recommend you check the installed software version and upgrade to the latest version.

Classification

CWE	CWE-1026
OWASP Top 10 - 2017	A9 - Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities
OWASP Top 10 - 2021	A6 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components

Evidence

URL	Evidence
http://pl.unpluggedforsight.org/	Response headers do not include the X-Content-Type-Options HTTP security header

Vulnerability description

We noticed that the target application's server responses lack the <code>X-Content-Type-Options</code> header. This header is particularly important for preventing Internet Explorer from reinterpreting the content of a web page (MIME-sniffing) and thus overriding the value of the Content-Type header.

Recommendation

We recommend setting the X-Content-Type-Options header such as `X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff`.

Classification

CWE	CWE-693
OWASP Top 10 - 2017	A6 - Security Misconfiguration
OWASP Top 10 - 2021	A5 - Security Misconfiguration

Evidence

URL	Evidence
http://pl.unpluggedforsight.org/	Response headers do not include the Referrer-Policy HTTP security header as well as the <meta> tag with name 'referrer' is not present in the response.

Vulnerability description

We noticed that the target application's server responses lack the <code>Referrer-Policy</code> HTTP header, which controls how much referrer information the browser will send with each request originated from the current web application.

Recommendation

The Referrer-Policy header should be configured on the server side to avoid user tracking and inadvertent information leakage. The value `no-referrer` of this header instructs the browser to omit the Referer header entirely.

Classification

CWE	CWE-693
OWASP Top 10 - 2017	A6 - Security Misconfiguration
OWASP Top 10 - 2021	A5 - Security Misconfiguration

Evidence

URL	Evidence
http://pl.unpluggedforsight.org/	Response does not include the HTTP Content-Security-Policy security header or meta tag

Vulnerability description

We noticed that the target application lacks the Content-Security-Policy (CSP) header in its HTTP responses. The CSP header is a security measure that instructs web browsers to enforce specific security rules, effectively preventing the exploitation of Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities.

Recommendation

Configure the Content-Security-Header to be sent with each HTTP response in order to apply the specific policies needed by the application.

Classification

CWE	CWE-693
OWASP Top 10 - 2017	A6 - Security Misconfiguration
OWASP Top 10 - 2021	A5 - Security Misconfiguration

Evidence

Software / Version	Category
core-js 3.38.1	JavaScript libraries
React	JavaScript frameworks
React Router 6	JavaScript frameworks
RequireJS 2.3.7	JavaScript frameworks
Sentry	Issue trackers
PWA	Miscellaneous
Plesk	Hosting panels
Prototype 1.7.3	JavaScript frameworks

Vulnerability description

We noticed that server software and technology details are exposed, potentially aiding attackers in tailoring specific exploits against identified systems and versions.

Recommendation

We recommend you to eliminate the information which permits the identification of software platform, technology, server and operating system: HTTP server headers, HTML meta information, etc.

Classification

OWASP Top 10 - 2017	A6 - Security Misconfiguration
OWASP Top 10 - 2021	A5 - Security Misconfiguration

Evidence

URL
Missing: http://pl.unpluggedforsight.org/.well-known/security.txt

Vulnerability description

We have noticed that the server is missing the security.txt file, which is considered a good practice for web security. It provides a standardized way for security researchers and the public to report security vulnerabilities or concerns by outlining the preferred method of contact and reporting procedures.

Recommendation

We recommend you to implement the security.txt file according to the standard, in order to allow researchers or users report any security issues they find, improving the defensive mechanisms of your server.

Classification

OWASP Top 10 - 2017	A6 - Security Misconfiguration
OWASP Top 10 - 2021	A5 - Security Misconfiguration

Evidence

URL	Method	Summary
http://pl.unpluggedforsight.org/	OPTIONS	We did a HTTP OPTIONS request. The server responded with a 200 status code and the header: `Allow: GET,POST,OPTIONS,HEAD` Request / Response

Vulnerability description

We have noticed that the webserver responded with an Allow HTTP header when an OPTIONS HTTP request was sent. This method responds to requests by providing information about the methods available for the target resource.

Recommendation

We recommend that you check for unused HTTP methods or even better, disable the OPTIONS method. This can be done using your webserver configuration.

Classification

CWE	CWE-16
OWASP Top 10 - 2017	A6 - Security Misconfiguration
OWASP Top 10 - 2021	A5 - Security Misconfiguration

Infrastructure Vulnerabilities

Evidence

CVSS	CVE	Summary	Exploit
9.8	CVE-2023-38408	The PKCS#11 feature in ssh-agent in OpenSSH before 9.3p2 has an insufficiently trustworthy search path, leading to remote code execution if an agent is forwarded to an attacker-controlled system. (Code in /usr/lib is not necessarily safe for loading into ssh-agent.) NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2016-10009.	N/A
6.8	CVE-2020-15778	scp in OpenSSH through 8.3p1 allows command injection in the scp.c toremote function, as demonstrated by backtick characters in the destination argument. NOTE: the vendor reportedly has stated that they intentionally omit validation of "anomalous argument transfers" because that could "stand a great chance of breaking existing workflows."	N/A
6.5	CVE-2023-51385	In ssh in OpenSSH before 9.6, OS command injection might occur if a user name or host name has shell metacharacters, and this name is referenced by an expansion token in certain situations. For example, an untrusted Git repository can have a submodule with shell metacharacters in a user name or host name.	N/A
5.9	CVE-2023-48795	The SSH transport protocol with certain OpenSSH extensions, found in OpenSSH before 9.6 and other products, allows remote attackers to bypass integrity checks such that some packets are omitted (from the extension negotiation message), and a client and server may consequently end up with a connection for which some security features have been downgraded or disabled, aka a Terrapin attack. This occurs because the SSH Binary Packet Protocol (BPP), implemented by these extensions, mishandles the handshake phase and mishandles use of sequence numbers. For example, there is an effective attack against SSH's use of ChaCha20-Poly1305 (and CBC with Encrypt-then-MAC). The bypass occurs in chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com and (if CBC is used) the -etm@openssh.com MAC algorithms. This also affects Maverick Synergy Java SSH API before 3.1.0-SNAPSHOT, Dropbear through 2022.83, Ssh before 5.1.1 in Erlang/OTP, PuTTY before 0.80, AsyncSSH before 2.14.2, golang.org/x/crypto before 0.17.0, libssh before 0.10.6, libssh2 through 1.11.0, Thorn Tech SFTP Gateway before 3.4.6, Tera Term before 5.1, Paramiko before 3.4.0, jsch before 0.2.15, SFTPGo before 2.5.6, Netgate pfSense Plus through 23.09.1, Netgate pfSense CE through 2.7.2, HPN-SSH through 18.2.0, ProFTPD before 1.3.8b (and before 1.3.9rc2), ORYX CycloneSSH before 2.3.4, NetSarang XShell 7 before Build 0144, CrushFTP before 10.6.0, ConnectBot SSH library before 2.2.22, Apache MINA sshd through 2.11.0, sshj through 0.37.0, TinySSH through 20230101, trilead-ssh2 6401, LANCOM LCOS and LANconfig, FileZilla before 3.66.4, Nova before 11.8, PKIX-SSH before 14.4, SecureCRT before 9.4.3, Transmit5 before 5.10.4, Win32-OpenSSH before 9.5.0.0p1-Beta, WinSCP before 6.2.2, Bitvise SSH Server before 9.32, Bitvise SSH Client before 9.33, KiTTY through 0.76.1.13, the net-ssh gem 7.2.0 for Ruby, the mscdex ssh2 module before 1.15.0 for Node.js, the thrussh library before 0.35.1 for Rust, and the Russh crate before 0.40.2 for Rust.	N/A
4.4	CVE-2019-16905	OpenSSH 7.7 through 7.9 and 8.x before 8.1, when compiled with an experimental key type, has a pre-authentication integer overflow if a client or server is configured to use a crafted XMSS key. This leads to memory corruption and local code execution because of an error in the XMSS key parsing algorithm. NOTE: the XMSS implementation is considered experimental in all released OpenSSH versions, and there is no supported way to enable it when building portable OpenSSH.	N/A

Vulnerability description

Vulnerabilities found for Openssh 8.0

Recommendation

We recommend you to upgrade the affected software to the latest version in order to eliminate the risks imposed by these vulnerabilities.

We managed to detect a publicly accessible SSH service.

Starting Nmap ( https://nmap.org ) at 2025-01-21 08:17 EET
Nmap scan report for pl.unpluggedforsight.org (94.154.35.51)
Host is up (0.053s latency).

PORT   STATE SERVICE VERSION
22/tcp open  ssh     OpenSSH 8.0 (protocol 2.0)
| ssh-auth-methods: 
|   Supported authentication methods: 
|     publickey
|     gssapi-keyex
|     gssapi-with-mic
|_    password

Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 1.23 seconds

Vulnerability description

We found that the SSH service with username/password authentication is publicly accessible. Network administrators often use remote administration protocols to control devices like switches, routers, and other essential systems. However, allowing these services to be accessible via the Internet can increase security risks, creating potential opportunities for attacks on the organization.

Recommendation

We recommend turning off SSH with username/password authentication access over the Internet and instead using a Virtual Private Network (VPN) that mandates two-factor authentication (2FA). If the SSH service is essential for business purposes, we recommend limiting access only from designated IP addresses using a firewall. Furthermore, it is advisable to utilize SSH Public Key Authentication since it employs a key pair to verify the identity of a user or process.

We managed to detect a publicly accessible File Transfer Protocol (FTP) service.

PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION
21/tcp open ftp ProFTPD

Vulnerability description

We found that the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) service is publicly accessible. The FTP enables client systems to connect to upload and download files. Nonetheless, FTP lacks encryption for the data exchanged between the server and the client, leaving all transferred data exposed in plaintext.

Recommendation

We recommend turning off FTP access over the Internet and instead using a Virtual Private Network (VPN) that mandates two-factor authentication (2FA). If the FTP service is essential for business purposes, we recommend limiting access only from designated IP addresses using a firewall. Furthermore, utilizing SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) is recommended as this protocol employs encryption to secure data transfers.

We managed to detect a publicly accessible Post Office Protocol (POP3) service.

Starting Nmap ( https://nmap.org ) at 2025-01-21 08:17 EET
Nmap scan report for pl.unpluggedforsight.org (94.154.35.51)
Host is up (0.057s latency).

PORT    STATE SERVICE  VERSION
995/tcp open  ssl/pop3 Dovecot pop3d
|_pop3-capabilities: PIPELINING CAPA TOP USER UIDL SASL(PLAIN LOGIN DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5) AUTH-RESP-CODE RESP-CODES APOP
Service Info: Host: happy-brown.94-154-35-51.plesk.page

Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 7.38 seconds

Vulnerability description

We found that the Post Office Protocol (POP3) service is publicly accessible and doesn’t include STARTTLS capability. Email clients use the Post Office Protocol (POP) to download emails for user accounts. Some POP servers are initially set up to operate over an unsecured protocol. When email clients download email content through this plaintext protocol, it can pose a substantial risk to the organization's network, especially depending on which user account is set to receive the emails.

Recommendation

We recommend turning off POP3 access over the Internet and instead using a Virtual Private Network (VPN) that mandates two-factor authentication (2FA). If the POP3 service is essential for business purposes, we recommend limiting access only from designated IP addresses using a firewall. Furthermore, activating STARTTLS capability (switching the connection to a secure communication) or utilizing Secure POP3 (POP3S) is recommended, as this protocol employs encryption.

Evidence

Domain Queried	DNS Record Type	Description	Value
pl.unpluggedforsight.org	A	IPv4 address	94.154.35.51

Recommendation

We recommend reviewing all DNS records associated with the domain and identifying and removing unused or obsolete records.

Evidence

Software / Version	Category
Nginx	Web servers, Reverse proxies

Vulnerability description

We noticed that server software and technology details are exposed, potentially aiding attackers in tailoring specific exploits against identified systems and versions.

Recommendation

We recommend you to eliminate the information which permits the identification of software platform, technology, server and operating system: HTTP server headers, HTML meta information, etc.

Evidence

Software / Version	Category
Plesk	Hosting panels
Sentry	Issue trackers
Nginx	Web servers, Reverse proxies
React	JavaScript frameworks
RequireJS	JavaScript frameworks
Prototype	JavaScript frameworks
React Router 6	JavaScript frameworks
core-js 3.38.1	JavaScript libraries
Webpack	Miscellaneous
Module Federation	Miscellaneous
PWA	Miscellaneous

Vulnerability description

We noticed that server software and technology details are exposed, potentially aiding attackers in tailoring specific exploits against identified systems and versions.

Recommendation

We recommend you to eliminate the information which permits the identification of software platform, technology, server and operating system: HTTP server headers, HTML meta information, etc.

Evidence

Software / Version	Category
Plesk	Hosting panels
Sentry	Issue trackers
Nginx	Web servers, Reverse proxies
React	JavaScript frameworks
RequireJS	JavaScript frameworks
Prototype	JavaScript frameworks
React Router 6	JavaScript frameworks
core-js 3.38.1	JavaScript libraries
Webpack	Miscellaneous
Module Federation	Miscellaneous

Vulnerability description

We noticed that server software and technology details are exposed, potentially aiding attackers in tailoring specific exploits against identified systems and versions.

Recommendation

We recommend you to eliminate the information which permits the identification of software platform, technology, server and operating system: HTTP server headers, HTML meta information, etc.